研究问题：开放数据跨国境流动的准许规则

结论：

The value of research is no longer taken for granted. In a world where news is questioned and authority is no longer relied upon, research must be able to demonstrate its value transparently and clearly. Increasingly funders

of research are requiring verifiable quality and the translation of research into outcomes of value to society. The publication of a research paper in a prestigious journal is no longer enough. Communication that is only between peers, and not available beyond, is not adequate. There is a pressing need for open research that delivers value beyond answers.

Open data is a key element of open research, and that data should be FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable). It should be discoverable, available, but importantly it has to be able to be used in new ways – typically via robust services as scale increases. It is very important that data is open – but that is not enough! The quality of the data has to be able to be assessed. The data should have rich descriptions that enables them to be integrated for further investigations, and they should also be available for machine interrogation, and interaction. A key to both quality and translation is trust in the underlying data, so systems and process are also very important.

Figshare’s State of Open Data report is an important yearly landmark to reflect on our progress against these pressing needs. It is clear that a partnership is necessary to achieve the dramatic change that is needed quite quickly. Such a partnership needs to span from funders who provide new infrastructure and incentives to make open data services available, to companies that provide critical products and services, to research institutions to establish the right environment, to the data professionals and researchers who need to form new partnerships to enable research to be conducted differently.

Such a breadth of partners is critical because we are seeing not simply

a change to making research more open, but a transformation of how research is conducted. New infrastructure is necessary, new professionals are required, new incentives are needed, if research is truly to deliver the promise of high quality research that is more widely used and relied upon. We see these changes taking place around the world. The African Open Science Platform is being established, and the Japanese Open Science strategy, the US NIH data commons, Australia’s research infrastructure providers FAIR data strategy, supported by an Australian Research Data Commons, and the European Open Science Cloud all demonstrate enormous commitment to this change.

This change is likely to occur increasingly rapidly as the need becomes

ever clearer, and there is an increasing international consensus that this

has to be done together. The Research Data Alliance is providing a forum

for developing consensus on data interoperability. The joint meeting with CODATA1 and WDS2 taking place in Botswana this year indicated the need for a global approach to the challenge and opportunity. Figshare’s 2018 State of Open Data report is a great chance to reflect on our progress, and where we need to focus our attention next.

建议：

The value of research is no longer taken for granted. In a world where news is questioned and authority is no longer relied upon, research must be able to demonstrate its value transparently and clearly. Increasingly funders

of research are requiring verifiable quality and the translation of research into outcomes of value to society. The publication of a research paper in a prestigious journal is no longer enough. Communication that is only between peers, and not available beyond, is not adequate. There is a pressing need for open research that delivers value beyond answers.

Open data is a key element of open research, and that data should be FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable). It should be discoverable, available, but importantly it has to be able to be used in new ways – typically via robust services as scale increases. It is very important that data is open – but that is not enough! The quality of the data has to be able to be assessed. The data should have rich descriptions that enables them to be integrated for further investigations, and they should also be available for machine interrogation, and interaction. A key to both quality and translation is trust in the underlying data, so systems and process are also very important.

Figshare’s State of Open Data report is an important yearly landmark to reflect on our progress against these pressing needs. It is clear that a partnership is necessary to achieve the dramatic change that is needed quite quickly. Such a partnership needs to span from funders who provide new infrastructure and incentives to make open data services available, to companies that provide critical products and services, to research institutions to establish the right environment, to the data professionals and researchers who need to form new partnerships to enable research to be conducted differently.

Such a breadth of partners is critical because we are seeing not simply

a change to making research more open, but a transformation of how research is conducted. New infrastructure is necessary, new professionals are required, new incentives are needed, if research is truly to deliver the promise of high quality research that is more widely used and relied upon. We see these changes taking place around the world. The African Open Science Platform is being established, and the Japanese Open Science strategy, the US NIH data commons, Australia’s research infrastructure providers FAIR data strategy, supported by an Australian Research Data Commons, and the European Open Science Cloud all demonstrate enormous commitment to this change.

This change is likely to occur increasingly rapidly as the need becomes

ever clearer, and there is an increasing international consensus that this

has to be done together. The Research Data Alliance is providing a forum

for developing consensus on data interoperability. The joint meeting with CODATA1 and WDS2 taking place in Botswana this year indicated the need for a global approach to the challenge and opportunity. Figshare’s 2018 State of Open Data report is a great chance to reflect on our progress, and where we need to focus our attention next.